Recent Indian rule Building Supplies on compensation for any injury or death of the subject in a clinical trial, has generated a lot of discussion on its impact on clinical trials in India.The legal process in the compensation rule is based on the causality assessment.However, it ignores the scientific basis of causality assessment.This could have far reaching consequences on (1) science of causality assessment and (2) safety assessment of a new drug under clinical development.There is a need to bring clarity on causality assessment process within the compensation rules to balance the ethical need of human subject protection and the scientific Filters requirements of safety assessment.